Retired aircraft engines have become a sellable product. On July 22, 2026, FTAI Aviation confirmed that its venture with Jereh Group, J&F Power Systems, had signed a $1.465 billion initial purchase order for mobile gas turbine generator sets built from CFM56 engines, with more than 100 units contracted for 2027 and 2028 delivery in the United States and Canada. The order created no new generation capacity. It bought a head start of two to three years on power delivery in a market where new-build turbines are sold out into 2029.
Converted-engine order
$1.465B
Initial purchase order for CFM56-derived generator sets, announced Jul 22, 2026; deliveries run in batches through Nov 2027
Units under contract
100+
25-megawatt units for U.S. and Canadian delivery in 2027 and 2028, per the third-quarter 2026 results
GE Vernova gas backlog and slots
122 GW
Q3 2026, up from 116 GW in Q2 2026; management targets at least 130 GW by year-end
Bridging power per project
5–7 yrs
The period ProEnergy expects converted engines to run before grid interconnection removes the need
Feedstock ceiling
~1,000
Aircraft engines ProEnergy expects to retire over the next decade, the pool for the entire channel
The order that proved the channel
A $1.465 Billion Bet on Engines That Used to Fly
This is no longer a pilot project. The $1.465 billion purchase order flows through a joint venture rather than through FTAI Aviation directly, which tells you how new the plumbing is: Jereh Group packages and distributes the sets while FTAI Aviation supplies the cores, the conversion and the aftermarket behind them. The customer is described only as a leading international cloud service provider, and deliveries run in batches through November 2027.
- The Mod-1 unit passed critical testing at 25 MW peak and 23 MW continuous baseload on both natural gas and liquid fuel, so a data center can run it on pipeline gas or on-site fuel oil.
- More than 100 units are contracted for 2027 and 2028 delivery, roughly 2.3 GW of continuous capacity in total.
- A joint venture is already building a mobile combined-cycle add-on that adds 9 MW and lifts efficiency above 50% with no extra fuel, emissions or water; first test units are expected in the second half of 2027.
- The pre-commercial cost is visible in the accounts: $41.5 million of aeroderivative design and testing spend in the first nine months of 2026, including $22.0 million in the third quarter alone.
| Layer | Owner | What they contribute | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Engine cores and material | GE Aerospace with CFM International | CFM56 and CF6 power sections, plus OEM replacement parts, thrust upgrades and component repair under a multi-year agreement with FTAI Aviation | FTAI Aviation press release, Jan 22, 2026 |
| Conversion and packaging | FTAI Aviation with J&F Power Systems | Mod-1 design, critical testing at 25 MW peak and 23 MW continuous, and the9 MW combined-cycle add-on now in development | FTAI Aviation third-quarter 2026 results |
| Channel distribution | Jereh Group | Packages and distributes Mod-1 sets through the venture that booked the $1.465 billion initial order | FTAI Aviation press release, Jul 22, 2026 |
| Aftermarket and service | FTAI Aviation | More than one million square feet of maintenance facilities and an engine fleet of over 1,000 units | FTAI Power launch announcement, Dec 30, 2025 |
| Competing new-build supply | GE Vernova, Siemens Energy, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries | The three builders that produce the bulk of the world's turbines and therefore own the queue converted engines are meant to bypass | ProEnergy interview, Oct 2025 |
The feedstock ceiling
Roughly 1,000 Engines Cannot Fill a 122 GW Queue
The feedstock sets a ceiling no order book can lift. ProEnergy expects roughly 1,000 aircraft engines to retire over the next decade, and each CF6-80C2-derived PE6000 turns into 48 megawatts, implying about 4.8 GW a year of repurposed capacity. Against that, GE Vernova alone shipped 5 GW of gas equipment in the third quarter of 2026. The converted-engine channel is rounding error in megawatts and decisive in months.
Capacity scale: converted engines against the new-build queue
Capacity in gigawatts. Everything the converted-engine channel has sold to date adds up to roughly half of one quarter of GE Vernova's gas equipment shipments.
Unit: Gigawatts
GE Vernova gas backlog and slot reservations
122
GE Vernova gas equipment shipped, Q3 2026
5
FTAI Aviation: 100+ converted units contracted
2.5
ProEnergy: 21 units sold to date
1
- Only two operators have certified a conversion at commercial scale: FTAI Aviation on CFM56 cores at 25 MW and ProEnergy on CF6-80C2 cores at 48 MW.
- ProEnergy has fabricated 75 PE6000 packages since 2020 with 52 more assembled or on order, and has sold 21 turbines for two data center projects above 1 GW combined.
- The feedstock partly sits in FTAI Aviation's own yard: the leasing fleet holds 145 engines, 76 of them on lease, leaving roughly 69 idle units and a 69% utilization rate to convert.
- That idle capacity is the quiet tell — the channel is being fed from parked assets rather than from new engine production.
Why the money moved
The Product Being Sold Is Time, Not Megawatts
Hyperscalers are not buying converted engines because they are cheap per kilowatt. They are buying them because new-build turbines are gone until 2029, with orders running to 2031, while a converted unit can be delivered in 2027. ProEnergy's two sold-out projects expect to run bridging power for five to seven years, until grid interconnection arrives. The buyer is paying a premium to start earning on GPUs it has already bought, not to lower its lifetime power bill.
| Option | Timing signal | Scale | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| New-build aeroderivative — GE Vernova | Order book full through 2029, with orders running to 2031 | 57 aeroderivative turbines shipped in Q3 2026 | GE Vernova third-quarter 2026 results; CNBC, Jun 27, 2026 |
| New-build heavy-duty — Doosan Enerbility | Deliveries start one per month in May 2029 | 380 MW per unit; 12 turbines contracted for U.S. customers | Doosan Enerbility release, Oct 6, 2026 |
| New-build industrial — Siemens Energy | Sold as standard 500 MW blocks with Eaton for behind-the-meter plants | 45–62 MW per unit | Siemens Energy and Eaton, Jun 3, 2025 |
| Converted CFM56 — FTAI Aviation | Deliveries from 2027; more than 100 units contracted for 2027 and 2028 | 25 MW peak and 23 MW continuous per unit | FTAI Aviation third-quarter 2026 results |
| Converted CF6-80C2 — ProEnergy | Deliverable in 2027 while new-build backlogs run past 2029 | 48 MW per unit; 21 units sold | ProEnergy interview, Oct 2025 |
That reframes the pricing. At 25 megawatts a unit, the $1.465 billion purchase order implies roughly $585 to $1,170 per kilowatt of peak capacity, depending on whether it covers 50 or 100 units. That price only works because the buyer values a 2027 start higher than it values lifetime cost, which puts the commercial risk on the operator rather than the engine seller. If the data center is not paid for and connected, the premium is never collected.
The incumbent's position
GE Vernova's Queue Gets More Valuable When a Bridge Engine Takes the Pressure Off
The counter-intuitive part is that the bridge channel makes the new-build order book more valuable, not less. GE Vernova entered the third quarter of 2026 with 116 GW of gas power backlog and slot reservations and left with 122 GW, converting 13 GW of reservations into firm orders while shipping 5 GW. Every data center that takes a converted engine instead of a 2029 slot stops competing for the scarce slot, and the slot holder can wait without losing the project.
- Power orders rose 178% organically to $21.8 billion in the third quarter of 2026, with Power revenue up 25% to $6.1 billion and segment EBITDA margin up 800 basis points to 21.4%.
- Firm gas backlog rose from 53 GW to 64 GW while slot reservations fell from 63 GW to 58 GW, converting reservations into orders being the cleanest read on pricing power.
- Management now expects at least 130 GW of backlog and slot reservations by year-end 2026, with total company backlog expected to exceed $200 billion in the fourth quarter.
- GE Vernova's own third-quarter shipment of 57 aeroderivative turbines is roughly the same output as FTAI Aviation's entire 2.3 GW contracted converted pipeline.
None of this requires the bridge channel to fail. It requires only that the wait stays long, and GE Vernova guides to 2026 revenue of $46.5 billion to $47.5 billion at a 13.5% to 14.5% adjusted EBITDA margin, with free cash flow of $16 billion to $17 billion. Third-quarter revenue of $12.6 billion and net income of $1.29 billion show what that backlog is currently worth.
The second-order effect
The Parts Annuity Follows the Engine Into the Grid
The second-order effect sits in aerospace, not power. GE Aerospace grew commercial engines and services revenue 21% to $10.34 billion in the third quarter of 2026, with services up 17% and spare parts up more than 20%. A converted engine burns through the same parts catalogue as a flying one, and FTAI Aviation signed a multi-year agreement with CFM International on January 22, 2026 covering OEM replacement parts, thrust performance upgrades and component repair for CFM56 engines.
- Every engine moved from aviation to electricity creates a new two-decade claim on the same spares pool, which makes spare parts revenue growing more than 20% the number that matters.
- The multi-year CFM International agreement routes OEM CFM56 material into the power market, adding a second end-market for parts that previously flew.
- GE Aerospace guides to 2026 operating profit of $10.9 billion to $11.0 billion, adjusted EPS of $8.00 to $8.10 and free cash flow of $9.1 billion to $9.4 billion, so it is paid to keep the platform alive rather than to cannibalize it.
- That agreement is also FTAI Aviation's moat: buying OEM material and repair capability is something a converter without an aerospace maintenance network cannot replicate.
So the toll is not a single toll. Engine owners collect it on the conversion, parts suppliers collect it on the annuity, and the manufacturer that refuses to sell new turbines collects it on the queue. The feedstock constraint that caps the first two is what makes the third one valuable.
Korea and Japan
Asian Turbine Makers Are Chasing the Same American Buyers
The next wave of this trade is being built in Korea and Japan, and it is aimed at the same American customers. On October 6, 2026, Doosan Enerbility shipped its first 380-megawatt gas turbine to the United States for a project led by SpaceXAI, a subsidiary of SpaceX, marking the Korean maker's entry into the American power and AI infrastructure market. The turbine is the first of a package Doosan says it contracted for twelve US customers.
- Doosan has contracted 12 gas turbines for US customers, and industry reporting attributes roughly five of them to SpaceXAI, while seven more 380 MW units are scheduled to begin delivering one per month in May 2029.
- A separate 6.4 GW Texas project remains undecided on turbine supplier, which is the largest single source of optionality and of delay in the current book.
- Mitsubishi Heavy Industries ended fiscal 2025 with a 35 GW large-frame gas turbine backlog, up from 23 GW a year earlier, after selling 35 large-frame units worth 16 GW, and booked10 more in the first quarter, four of them for the United States.
- Between them, the three builders that supply the bulk of the world's turbines are all adding capacity at exactly the point where the queue is longest.
For SpaceX, self-supplying power is now a capital allocation question rather than a procurement question. Third-quarter 2026 revenue reached $14.6 billion with $4.4 billion of net income, and the first 380 MW unit for its SpaceXAI project has already shipped. A 6.4 GW site with no turbine supplier chosen is either the largest power decision the company has made or the largest it has deferred.
Friction
Where the Converted-Engine Trade Breaks
- Efficiency gap: FTAI Aviation's own roadmap only lifts the Mod-1 above 50% efficiency with a combined-cycle add-on whose first test units arrive in the second half of 2027, so the units shipped first are the least efficient version and burn more gas per megawatt-hour.
- Permitting and emissions: 23 MW of continuous baseload running as prime power for five to seven years invites local air permits and operating conditions that a data center cannot easily absorb.
- Concentration: the $1.465 billion purchase order comes from a single unnamed cloud service provider, and FTAI Aviation still recognizes no revenue from FTAI Power, with the $41.5 million of design and test spending expensed instead.
- Aviation competition for the same cores: FTAI Aviation's leasing fleet ran at roughly 69% utilization in the third quarter of 2026, so converting idle engines makes sense, but a firm used-engine market would bid those cores away from power.
- Retirement timing: feedstock arrives only as aircraft reach end of life, an air-traffic-dependent variable that no order book can accelerate and that caps how fast the channel can scale.
Timing
What Moves in Days-to-Quarters, and What Moves by 2030
| Horizon | Trigger | What it proves | Who it moves |
|---|---|---|---|
| Next two quarters | First commercial Mod-1 shipments and any revenue line for FTAI Power | Whether the $1.465 billion order converts into recognized revenue in 2027 | FTAI Aviation |
| Next two quarters | Slot reservations converting into firm orders at GE Vernova | Whether 130 GW of backlog is pricing power or simply a queue | GE Vernova |
| Through 2027 | CFM56 and CF6 retirement volumes and the price of used engines | Whether the roughly 1,000-engine feedstock assumption holds | FTAI Aviation, ProEnergy |
| Second half of 2027 | First test units of the mobile combined-cycle add-on | Whether efficiency above 50% can be retrofitted to the installed fleet | FTAI Aviation |
| One to three years | Doosan's 380 MW deliveries from May 2029 and the 6.4 GW Texas award | Whether Asian builders take permanent share of the US market | Doosan Enerbility, SpaceX |
| One to three years | Grid interconnections that retire the bridge, roughly 2032 to 2034 | When the premium for speed disappears from the power bill | Hyperscale operators |
The synthesis is narrow, and it is mispriced by a market reading this as a power story. It is a timing story with a hard supply ceiling: roughly 1,000 engines, two certified converters, one 25-megawatt design that has already passed critical testing, and a hyperscaler willing to write a $1.465 billion check for 2027 delivery. The engine owner captures the conversion spread, the parts supplier captures the annuity, the turbine maker captures the queue, and the data center operator captures five to seven years of revenue it could not otherwise have. The last of those is the largest prize, and it is the one no public company in this chain owns.
Who captures the bridge-power toll
- The $1.465 billion J&F Power Systems order is the first commercial proof that a CFM56 core can be sold as power equipment.
- More than 100 units contracted for 2027 and 2028 delivery turn a 25-megawatt prototype into roughly 2.3 GW of continuous pipeline.
- FTAI Power recognizes zero revenue so far, leaving 2027 delivery slippage as the single largest risk to the story.
- Near term: watch the first commercial shipments; over one to three years, the 9 MW combined-cycle add-on lifts efficiency above 50%.
- Gas power backlog and slot reservations reached 122 GW in Q3 2026 from 116 GW, with management targeting at least 130 GW by year-end.
- Power segment EBITDA margin rose 800 basis points to 21.4% on $21.8 billion of orders, up 178% organically.
- Converted engines keep the queue scarce by giving data centers a 2027 option instead of a 2029 slot.
- Over one to three years, the risk is that bridge power becomes the default and slot reservations stop converting into orders.
- Spare parts revenue grew more than 20% and services 17% in Q3 2026, with segment profit of $2.89 billion.
- Every CFM56 converted to power keeps consuming the same parts catalogue, extending the annuity past retirement.
- FTAI's multi-year CFM International agreement routes OEM CFM56 parts into the power market, adding a second demand source.
- Over one to three years, CFM56 retirement volumes cap how large this annuity can become.
- Doosan's first 380-megawatt US export went to a SpaceXAI-led project, with roughly five of Doosan's 12 contracted US units attributed to SpaceXAI.
- A separate 6.4 GW Texas project still has no turbine supplier chosen, a decision that lands inside the next one to three years.
- Owning its own power supply for the AI buildout removes grid interconnection as the binding constraint.
- Q3 2026 revenue of $14.6 billion and net income of $4.4 billion give it the capacity to keep buying turbines.
- The first-ever US gas turbine export on Oct 6, 2026 opens the highest-priced turbine market to a Korean supplier.
- Twelve turbines contracted for US customers, with seven more 380 MW units delivering one per month from May 2029.
- Enters the US AI power market while GE Vernova is sold out through 2029.
- Near-term earnings stay small because deliveries start in 2029; over one to three years the order book is the value.
- Large-frame gas turbine backlog reached 35 GW from 23 GW a year earlier after selling 35 units worth 16 GW in fiscal 2025.
- First-quarter bookings included 10 large-frame units, four of them bound for the United States.
- Converts AI power demand into a 35 GW backlog that no repurposed engine can compete with.
- Over one to three years, watch whether Asian builders take permanent share of the US market as bridging normalizes.
- The J&F Power Systems venture with FTAI Aviation booked a $1.465 billion initial order for CFM56-derived generator sets.
- Has not separately disclosed what that venture contributes to revenue or profit.
- Watch for the first disclosed FTAI Power revenue inside segment reporting; until then the venture is an option, not a forecast.
- Over one to three years, a decision by FTAI Aviation to insource packaging would remove the venture's economics entirely.
